History 364: World War II

 

Spring Semester 2012

 

11:00 – 11:50 MWF

 

 

Instructor:

 

Dr. John Moser

Andrews 119

289-5231

E-mail

 

Office Hours: 1:00 – 3:00 Tuesdays and Thursdays, or by appointment

 

 

Required Texts:

 

Evan Mawdsley, World War II: A New History (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2009)

 

Frans Coetzee and Marilyn Shevin-Coetzee, The World in Flames: A World War II Sourcebook (New York: Oxford University Press, 2011)

 

Coursepack (to be distributed electronically)

 

 

Optional (see “Writing Assignment” below):

 

Strategic Command: WWII Global Conflict (Battlefront, 2010) (computer game).

 

 

Course Description:

 

This course will examine World War II, the most widespread, costly, and destructive war in the history of the planet.  It will cover the origins of the war, the strategies pursued by the participants, and the major events in both the Pacific and European theaters from the 1930s until 1945.  Further, it will consider the significance of the war for the history of Europe, Asia, and the United States.

 

 

Course Objectives:

 

  1. To provide the basic facts about the history of World War II, both in Europe and the Pacific.
  2. To enable students to use facts as “raw material” in making coherent arguments about the past.
  3. To enhance students’ ability to assess the importance of individual decisions on historical developments, through the use of a computer simulation game.
  4. To develop students’ ability to communicate in written form, through one or two written assignments.
  5. To strengthen students’ capacity for critical reading, through one or two written assignments.

 

 

Course Policies:

 

The following factors will make up your final grade—

 

Two Hourly Examinations (30%)

 

These exams are scheduled for Monday, 13 February, and Monday, 26 March, and will consist of essay questions, reverse identifications, and map identifications.  The essays will require you to marshal facts to answer questions on broader historical themes.  An example might be, “Why did Hitler choose to invade the Soviet Union?” or “Why did Truman decide to use the atomic bomb against Japan?”  You will be asked to make an argument; you will not be graded so much on what stand you take, but rather on your ability back up your position with the pertinent historical evidence.  The reverse identifications are like Jeopardy questions, in which I provide a sentence or two describing a particular person, event, or concept, and you identify what I am describing.  Finally, in the map identifications you will need to place a list of locations on blank maps of the European and Pacific theaters.

 

Final Examination (40%)

 

The university has scheduled the final for this course for Monday, 30 April, from 1:30 to 3:30 pm, although this is subject to change.  An alternate exam date will be set in case of medical emergency (with documentation required).  As with the midterm, the final will be a combination of essay and identification, and bluebooks will be required.

 

Writing Assignment (10%)

 

For this course each student will write a paper of between 3500 and 4500 (that is between 12 and 15 pages).  This paper will involve one of two options, detailed below. Whichever option you choose, I will be grading your paper(s) not only for content, but also for things like organization, clarity, spelling, word choice, and grammar.  Style—particularly for notes and bibliography—should conform to the department’s “Guidelines for Writing Scholarly Papers,” available here. Your papers must be typed in a reasonably sized font (11 or 12), double-spaced and stapled.  Late papers will not be accepted.

 

In addition to submitting your paper to me on or before the due date, you will be required to upload an electronic version to Turnitin.com.  This will involve signing up for an account (it’s free) and logging into the class.  To do this, follow the directions found here.  When asked for the class ID, enter 4653681.  For password, enter “spitfire” (without quotes).

 

Option #1: Write a paper expanding on one of the subjects that we will be discussing in class.  This will involve choosing a particular day of class and reading not only the required material, but also the book listed as optional for that day.  Note that there is a very good chance that Ashland University’s library will not have these books, so be prepared to use OhioLink—which means, of course, that you should order it at least a month in advance, so that you receive it in plenty of time to read it carefully.  This paper will be due the day that the subject in question is being discussed in class.  Because I do not want more than one student to write on any given topic, please let me know in advance which subject you want.

 

For example, say that you would like to write your paper on the Battle of Britain.  That paper be due on February 8 (the day we will cover that subject in class), and the sources you will be required to use will be Stephen Bungay’s The Most Dangerous Enemy, pages 127-133 from Mawdsley’s World War II, pages 49-51, 56-60, and 281-283 in Coetzee’s The World in Flames, pages 83-86 in the coursepack.

 

Option #2: Write a paper exploring the effects that individual decisions had on the overall outcome of World War II.  You will do this by playing the computer strategy game entitled Strategic Command: WWII Global Conflict, by Battlefront.

 

After you have familiarized yourself with the game interface, select the scenario which begins in 1939 and runs through the end of the war, playing as one of the major powers (Germany, France, Great Britain, Italy, the Soviet Union, the United States, Japan, or China).  For a more intense (and fun) experience, you might join with several of your classmates in playing on networked computers, although this will mean coordinating a time when everyone is available to play.  Note that a full game will take considerable time to play, and you are unlikely to finish in a single sitting.

 

As you play, keep a written record of the “history” of the game, which will serve as the basis for the paper you will write about your game experience.

 

When you have finished your game (either because you have won, have been completely eliminated, or the scenario ended naturally), you will write a paper (due Friday, 27 April) that does two things: first, it should trace the alternative history of World War II, as reflected in the game, from the perspective of the country that you played.  This alternative history should include all of the important events, particular the critical decisions you made, with some attempt to explain why you chose the options that you did. 

 

The second purpose of your paper is to assess the importance of certain “real world” results by comparing them to the events as they develop in the game.  One thing will become clear as you play: the game will not follow the same course of events as those which actually occurred between 1936 and 1945.  At some point—probably quite early on—you or some other country will choose to do something radically different.  Perhaps England and France might choose to go to war with Germany over Czechoslovakia, Japan might opt not to attack Pearl Harbor, or any one of millions of possibilities.  You are to make note of these critical differences, at least those that directly involve the country you are playing, and demonstrate how these affected the alternative course of history in the game.  For example, say you are playing Germany, and you decide not to invade the Soviet Union.  Your paper, in addition to presenting a straight history of the rise and fall of “your” Third Reich, should assess the importance of Hitler’s decision to attack the USSR by describing what resulted from your choice to do otherwise.

 

Attendance and Participation (20%)

 

This will be a seminar-style course, based on in-class discussion of the required readings.  It is the responsibility of every student to participate in those discussions.  Each of you will be asked to offer your thoughts about what you have read, as well as any larger implications.  If you find something confusing, these discussions will present an opportunity for you to seek a clearer understanding.  If you find something particularly interesting, that is the time to try to expand upon it, or to ask questions about it.

 

Your attendance in class is expected, and consistent participation in discussion will be rewarded.  I expect at least occasional input from every member of the class, and I reserve the right to assign a failing grade to those who are habitually absent or unprepared to participate in discussion.

 

 

Academic Integrity

 

I strongly advise you to examine the university’s academic integrity policy, which may be found here.  All students are responsible for maintaining the highest standards of honesty and integrity in every phase of their academic careers.  The penalties for academic dishonesty are severe, and ignorance is not an acceptable defense.

 

 

Course Schedule, with Reading Assignments:

 

January

9

Course Introduction

 

11

The Belligerents

Mawdsley, pp. 1-9, 12-26

Optional: Richard Overy, Why the Allies Won (1995)

 

13

The International Order

Mawdsley, pp. 26-30

Coetzee, pp. 271-272

Coursepack, pp. 1-16

Optional: Sally Marks, The Illusion of Peace: International Relations in Europe, 1918-1933 (2003)

January

16

Martin Luther King, Jr. Holiday—No Class

 

18

The Ideologies, part I

Mawdsley, pp. 30-41

Coetzee, pp. 9-11, 270-271

Coursepack, pp. 17-23

Optional: Richard Bessel, Nazism and War (2006)

 

20

The Ideologies, part II

Mawdsley, pp. 41-44

Coetzee, pp. 66-67, 275-276

Coursepack, pp. 24-31

Optional: Walter Skya, Japan's Holy War: The Ideology of Radical Shinto Ultranationalism (2009)

 

23

Planning for the Next War

Mawdsley, pp. 44-51

Coetzee, pp. 38-40

Coursepack, pp. 32-51

Optional: Roch Legault and B.J.C. McKercher (eds), Military Planning and the Origins of the Second World War (2000)

 

25

Origins of the Greater East Asia War

Mawdsley, pp. 54-73

Coetzee, pp. 16-21

Optional: Akira Iriye, The Origins of the Second World War in Asia and the Pacific (1987)

 

27

Hitler’s Challenge to the International System

Mawdsley, pp. 76-85

Coetzee, pp. 11-13, 22-25

Coursepack, pp. 52-58

Optional: P.M.H. Bell, The Origins of the Second World War in Europe (2007)

 

30

The Czech Crisis

Mawdsley, pp. 84-93

Coursepack, pp. 59-71

Optional: Giles McDonogh, 1938: Hitler's Gamble (2007)

February

1

The Outbreak of War in Europe

Mawdsley, pp. 93-103

Coetzee, pp. 30-31

Coursepack, pp. 72-80

Optional: D.C. Watt, How War Came: The Immediate Origins of the Second World War (1989)

 

3

Sitzkrieg and Blitzkrieg

Mawdsley, pp. 106-117

Coetzee, pp. 36-38

Coursepack, pp. 81-82

Optional: Talbot C. Imlay, Facing the Second World War: Strategy, Politics, and Economics in Britain and France, 1938-1940 (2003)

 

6

The Fall of France

Mawdsley, pp. 118-126

Coetzee, pp. 40-48

Optional: Julian Jackson, The Fall of France: The Nazi Invasion of 1940 (2003)

 

8

The Battle of Britain

Mawdsley, pp. 127-133

Coetzee, pp. 49-51, 56-60, 281-283

Coursepack, pp. 83-86

Optional: Stephen Bungay, The Most Dangerous Enemy: The Definitive History of the Battle of Britain (2010)

 

10

The United States on the Sidelines

Coursepack, pp. 87-114

Optional: Justus D. Doenecke, Storm on the Horizon: The Challenge to American Intervention, 1939-1941 (2000)

 

13

First Examination

 

15

Hitler Moves East

Mawdsley, pp. 136-147

Coursepack, pp. 115-123

Optional: Gabriel Gorodetsky, The Grand Delusion: Stalin and the German Invasion of Russia (1999)

 

17

Operation Barbarossa

Mawdsley, pp. 147-156

Coetzee, pp. 91-93, 96-101

Coursepack, pp. 124-130

Optional: Geoffrey Megargee, War of Annihilation: Combat and Genocide on the Eastern Front, 1941 (2007) Mary Reinthal

 

20

Hitler’s War of Annihilation

Mawdsley, pp. 156-163

Coetzee, pp. 94-95, 268-269, 316-329, 337-345

Optional: Christopher R. Browning, The Origins of the Final Solution: The Evolution of Nazi Jewish Policy, September 1939 - March 1942 (2007) Audrey Vuozzo

 

22

From Moscow to Stalingrad

Mawdsley, pp. 166-177

Coetzee, pp. 149-150, 190-195

Coursepack, pp. 131-132

Optional: Earl F. Ziemke, Moscow to Stalingrad: Decisions in the East (1987) Victorialyn Keay

 

24

Turning the Tide in the East

Mawdsley, pp. 178-187

Coetzee, pp. 112-113, 196-197, 285-286

Coursepack, pp. 133-140

Optional: David M. Glantz, When Titans Clashed: How the Red Army Stopped Hitler (1998) Robert Mahaney

 

27

Japan’s Decision for War

Mawdsley, pp. 190-203

Coetzee, pp. 68-71, 105-107

Optional: Michael A. Barnhart, Japan Prepares for Total War: The Search for Economic Security, 1919-1941 (1987) Katie Clement

 

29

Japan Strikes

Mawdsley, pp. 204-213

Coetzee, pp. 72-77, 207-208

Optional: H.P. Willmott, The Barrier and the Javelin: Japanese and Allied Pacific Strategies, February to June 1942 (1983)

March

2

Class Canceled

 

5

Spring Break—No Class

 

7

Spring Break—No Class

 

9

Spring Break—No Class

 

12

Turning the Tide in the Pacific

Mawdsley, pp. 216-229

Coetzee, pp. 78-79, 151-158

Optional: Jonathan Parshall and Anthony Tully, Shattered Sword: The Japanese Story of the Battle of Midway (2005) Tyler Owens

 

14

The CBI Theater

Mawdsley, pp. 229-237

Coetzee, pp. 209-223

Optional: Louis Allen, Burma: The Longest War, 1941-1945 (1986)

 

16

The Allied Advance in the Pacific

Mawdsley, pp. 237-247

Coetzee, pp. 224-227, 272-275, 277-278

Optional: Eric Bergerud, Touched with Fire: The Land War in the South Pacific (1997) Brent Rossman

 

19

The Battle of the Atlantic

Mawdsley, pp. 250-267

Coetzee, pp. 174-178

Optional: Dan van der Vat, The Atlantic Campaign: World War II's Great Struggle at Sea (1988)

 

21

The Logistics of Global War

Mawdsley, pp. 267-283

Optional: Alan Gropman (ed.), The Big "L": American Logistics in World War II (1997)

 

23

The War in the Desert

Mawdsley, pp. 286-297

Coetzee, pp. 87-90, 141-145

Coursepack, pp. 141-147

Optional: John Bierman, War without Hate: The Desert Campaign of 1940-1943 (2004) Wade Kaido

 

26

Second Examination

 

28

Operation TORCH

Mawdsley, pp. 298-306

Coetzee, pp. 80-86, 139-140, 146-147

Optional: Rick Atkinson, An Army at Dawn: The War in North Africa, 1942-1943 (2002) Michelle DeVore

 

30

The Invasion of Italy

Mawdsley, pp. 306-319

Coetzee, pp. 179-181

Optional: Rick Atkinson, The Day of Battle: The War in Sicily and Italy, 1943-1944 (2007)

April

2

The Economic War

Mawdsley, pp. 322-332

Coetzee, pp. 110-122

Optional: Mark Harrison (ed.), The Economics of World War II: Six Great Powers in International Comparison (2000)

 

4

The American Home Front

Coetzee, pp. 237-263

Coursepack, p. 148

Optional: John Morton  Blum, V Was for Victory: Politics and American Culture during World War II (1977) Danielle Sunnucks

 

6

Good Friday—No Class

 

9

Strategic Bombing

Mawdsley, pp. 332-345

Coetzee, pp. 164-173, 284-285

Optional: Jorg Friedrich, The Fire: The Bombing of Germany, 1940-1945 (2006)

 

11

Life in Occupied Europe

Mawdsley, pp. 346-352

Coetzee, pp. 53-55, 184-186

Coursepack, pp. 149-153

Optional: Mark Mazower, Hitler's Empire: Nazi Rule in Occupied Europe (2008) Elizabeth Dickerson

 

13

The Resistance

Mawdsley, pp. 352-363

Coetzee, pp. 52-53, 182-183, 187-189, 330-336, 340-343

Optional: Jorgen Haestrup, Europe Ablaze: An Analysis of the History of the European Resistance Movements, 1939-45 (1978)

Zach Heffner

 

16

The Liberation of France

Mawdsley, pp. 366-381

Coetzee, pp. 198-203

Optional: Carlo D'Este, Decision in Normandy (1994) Lindsey Richey

 

18

Closing the Ring around Germany

Mawdsley, pp. 381-391

Coetzee, pp. 344-345

Coursepack, pp. 154-159

Optional: John Toland and Carlo D'Este, Battle: The Story of the Bulge (1999) Tanner Bleedorn

 

20

The End in Europe

Mawdsley, pp. 392-405

Coetzee, pp. 349-353, 355-359

Optional: Ian Kershaw, The End: The Defiance and Destruction of Hitler's Germany, 1944-1945 (2011)

 

23

The Final Battles in the Pacific

Mawdsley, pp. 408-424

Optional: Bill Sloan, The Ultimate Battle: Okinawa 1945--The Last Epic Struggle of World War II (2007) Bryce Clemons

 

25

The Atomic Bomb and the Surrender of Japan

Mawdsley, pp. 424-431

Coetzee, pp. 228-236

Optional: Richard B. Frank, Downfall: The End of the Imperial Japanese Empire (1999)

 

27

Unfinished Business in Asia

Mawdsley, pp. 431-437

Coetzee, pp. 364-377

Optional: Christopher Bayly and Tim Harper, Forgotten Wars: The End of Britain's Asian Empire (2007)

 

30

Final Examination, 1:30 – 3:30 pm